Accordingly, in line with the components model of addictions (Griffiths, 2005), smartphone addiction may derive as a consequence of biopsychosocial processes akin to those experienced in substance-related addictions, including mood modification, salience, tolerance, withdrawal, relapse, and conflict. Smartphone addiction is often discussed in terms of overuse, pathological use, obsessive use, symptoms of impulsivity, and lack of control (Beranuy et al., 2009; Billieux et al., 2008; M. Kwon et al., 2013).
A comparison of smartphone addiction in European countries has revealed that individuals from Western European countries report higher symptoms of smartphone addiction when compared with , with 3.9%, 3.5%, and 3.4% of the samples in Belgium, the United Kingdom, and France, respectively, reporting the maximum level of smartphone new zealand mobile number addiction (Lopez-Fernandez et al., 2017). Studies provide a valuable overview of addiction on consistent measures of smartphone use in large cross-sectional samples (e.g., Lopez-Fernandez et al., 2017).
nuanced oversight of the significance of smartphones to individuals, we must understand the user experience in everyday life and examine their judgments over their use in all pertinent contexts. The purely psychometric approach in the prevailing smartphone literature may overlook the holistic impact of smartphones in the lives of modern users, which is a gap in knowledge the current study aims to address. Accordingly, this qualitative study explores user experiences of smartphones and the perceived impacts this use has on everyday lives.
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