The application of these principles

[RufaidaKhatun]

To genetic material raises unique ethical and practical questions. Can a person “own” part of the human genome? How do patents on genes affect research and access to healthcare? These questions have sparked ongoing debates among scientists, ethicists, legal experts, and the public. Table of Contents Introduction I. Background on Gene Patenting 1. Legal Framework and History A Brief History of Patent Law as it Relates to Genetic Material Key Milestones in Gene Patenting Legislation 2.


Types of Genetic Material Patents Isolated Gene Sequences Synthetic Genes Gene Therapies and CRISPR Technology II. Ethics 1. Moral and Philosophical Perspectives The Natural vs. Artificial Debate Arguments for and against the data phone number Commercialization of Life Perspectives from Different Ethical Frameworks 2. Impact on Research and Innovation Encouraging Innovation and Investment Potential Obstacle to Scientific Research and Open Access to Genetic Information The Balance Between Commercial Interests and the Public Interest 3.



Access and Equity Issues Accessibility of Patented Genetic Tests and Therapies The Impact on Inequalities in Healthcare and Global Equity Case Studies: Myriad Genetics' BRCA1 and BRCA2 Patents 4. Patient Rights and Informed Consent Ethical Implications for Patients Who Have Patented Genes Issuance of Consent and Ownership of Genetic Material The Role of Biobanks and Genetic Data Privacy III.